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© Dr. Swapnil Sahoo · 2026

SSwapnil Sahoo
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    • Authentic Hanuman Chalisa
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    • Authentic Shiva Tandava Stotram
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Dr. Swapnil Sahoo

Assistant Professor · Strategy · GLIM Gurgaon

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© 2026 Dr. Swapnil Sahoo. Except where a source or licence states otherwise.

Research, teaching and field notes.

Assistant Professor · StrategyAccepting PhD enquiries17 years in industry · now in academia

Dr. Swapnil Sahoo.

Before joining academia, I spent 17 years in strategic roles at Wipro, Accenture, Cognizant, Mahindra and 42Gears Mobility. That experience now shapes my research on how organisations act when resources are tight and the way I teach Strategy & Entrepreneurship at Great Lakes Institute of Management, Gurgaon, where I head the Entrepreneurship and AI initiatives. I earned my Ph.D. in Entrepreneurship from XLRI Jamshedpur, with a dissertation titled “Entrepreneurial Resourcefulness in Resource-Constrained Environments”.

Get in touchView publicationsBook a 1:1

The organisations that shaped my work

Great Lakes Gurgaon, XLRI Jamshedpur, XIMB, Wipro, Accenture, Cognizant, Mahindra, 42Gears Mobility

Great Lakes Gurgaon·XLRI Jamshedpur·XIMB·Wipro·Accenture·Cognizant·Mahindra·42Gears Mobility·Great Lakes Gurgaon·XLRI Jamshedpur·XIMB·Wipro·Accenture·Cognizant·Mahindra·42Gears Mobility·
Portrait of Dr. Swapnil Sahoo

Currently

Gurgaon, India

Email →

How to enter this website

Begin with the questions that connect the work.

This website moves across industry practice, research, teaching, doctoral supervision, executive education, AI, mythology, spirituality and fiction. The subjects are different, but the reading habit is consistent: examine the assumption, locate the evidence, understand the mechanism and stay with the consequence long enough for a subtler question to emerge.

Socratic lens

Test the assumption.

Ask what is being taken for granted, whose evidence matters, what a counterexample would show and who lives with the consequence.

  1. 01

    When resources are scarce, when does improvisation become resourcefulness—and when does it merely postpone a harder decision?

  2. 02

    What does a familiar strategy framework reveal, and what might it prevent us from noticing?

  3. 03

    How would we know that a classroom activity changed judgment rather than only producing a polished presentation?

  4. 04

    When experience, theory and evidence disagree, which belief should be revised first—and why?

First-principles lens

Find what must be true.

Strip the subject back to its purpose, evidence, mechanism and constraints before rebuilding the argument.

  1. 01

    What value is being created, for whom, and under which real constraint?

  2. 02

    Which people, resources and relationships are actually available before we imagine what ought to be available?

  3. 03

    What must remain a human responsibility when AI accelerates analysis, generation or decision support?

  4. 04

    What makes a claim trustworthy: its fluency, its source, its mechanism or its ability to survive a counterexample?

17+

Years of experience

11+

Conference presentations

2.5k+

Lives reached / yr (Karma Yoga)

32

Karmabhoomis (field sites)

4

Active research streams

01 / About

From industry practice to the strategy classroom.

I came to academia after 17 years in industry, with strategic roles at Wipro, Accenture, Cognizant and Mahindra. Most recently, as Global Partnership Head at 42Gears Mobility, I worked with senior leaders across Europe, the Middle East and Africa.

That route still shapes how I work. In the classroom, ideas have to survive contact with decisions, people and constraints. In research, I keep returning to a practical question I encountered in industry: what do organisations do when the resources they need are not available?

I am now an Assistant Professor of Strategy at Great Lakes Institute of Management, Gurgaon, where I teach Strategy and Entrepreneurship and head the Entrepreneurship and AI initiatives. My work also includes academic programme design, social-impact initiatives and institutional strategy. Great Lakes is accredited by AACSB and AMBA.

I earned my Ph.D. in Entrepreneurship from XLRI Jamshedpur. My dissertation, “Entrepreneurial Resourcefulness in Resource-Constrained Environments,” continues to ground my research on frugal innovation, jugaad, bricolage, effectuation, family firms and neurodiverse teams.

Education

  • Ph.D. in Entrepreneurship · XLRI Jamshedpur
  • MBA (Finance & Marketing) · XIMB
  • B.Tech (Electronics & Telecom) · Utkal University (ITER)

Questions I return to

  • What do organisations do when the resources they need are not available?
  • Why do some organisations keep turning constraint into useful action?
  • How do governance, trust and succession shape innovation in family enterprises?
  • When does AI genuinely help learning, and where is human judgment still essential?

02 / Research agenda

How organisations act when resources are scarce.

My dissertation at XLRI examined entrepreneurial resourcefulness in resource-constrained environments. These four lines of inquiry carry that question into family firms, frugal innovation, neurodiverse teams and AI adoption.

Doctoral dissertation · XLRI Jamshedpur

Entrepreneurial Resourcefulness in Resource-Constrained Environments

This dissertation remains the foundation of my current research. Several papers presented at AOM Copenhagen and BAM Kent in 2025 grew from it.

Stream 01

Entrepreneurial Resourcefulness

Central question
How do founders and family firms put scarce resources to work, and how can bricolage transition into effectuation?
Context
Founders and family businesses operating in resource-constrained environments and institutional voids.
Connection
This stream connects my doctoral work on entrepreneurial resourcefulness with questions about dynamic capabilities and repeatable adaptation.
Stream 02

Neurodiversity & Dynamic Capabilities

Central question
How might cognitively diverse teams notice opportunities, act on them and adapt?
Context
Neurodiversity, entrepreneurial teams and the "spiky profile" in entrepreneurship theory.
Connection
The work brings neurodiversity into the same opportunity-recognition and dynamic-capabilities conversation as the rest of my research.
Stream 03

Frugal Innovation, Jugaad & Bricolage

Central question
How do people create useful, affordable solutions when money and infrastructure are scarce?
Context
Frugal innovation, jugaad and bricolage in family enterprises and emerging markets.
Connection
This stream connects resource-constrained innovation with my conference work on family involvement, sustainable innovation and R&D.
Stream 04

Effectuation & Family Business Dynamics

Central question
How do governance, trust, succession and AI adoption shape innovation across generations?
Context
Multi-generational family enterprises, where family relationships and strategic decisions meet.
Connection
The work links resourcefulness with my conference research on trust, sustainable innovation and family involvement.

03 / Selected publications

Research, cases and public questions.

My writing moves from research on organisations under constraint to teaching cases and public essays about decisions facing businesses, students and policy readers. Where a source record is available, the item links to it.

Journal articles

Entrepreneurship Under Constraint: How Bricolage Transitions into Effectuation in Family Businesses

with Munish Thakur · Academy of Management Proceedings

2026AOM 2026

Evaluating the Efficiency of Van Dhan Yojana Using DEA: Strategic Insights for Tribal Development

with N. Mishra & N. Mishra · International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies

2026Scopus / WoS

Impact of Institutional Pressures and Security on Blockchain Technology Adoption and Organizational Performance: An Empirical Study

The Journal of Technology Transfer · Springer

2024Peer-reviewed
Book chapters

An Overview of Ethics and the Indian Philosophy

In: Applied Ethics and Rationality (SAPERE, Vol. 74) · Springer · ed. Kuruvilla Pandikattu

2025Scopus

Pulling the Chariot Together: Jagannath, Collective Spirituality, and the Future of Inclusive Organizations

In: Inclusive Spirituality and Ethical Leadership · Spirituality Centre, XLRI · ed. Kuruvilla Pandikattu SJ · pp. 49–58

2025Chapter 6
Teaching cases

Three short-form strategy cases on Indian companies, published in Business Standard Smart (2026).

Case · 2026

How Granules India Rebuilt Trust Through Radical Transparency

Business Standard Smart

Case · 2026

How Cycle Pure and Wagh Bakri Built Moats Out of Value

Business Standard Smart

Case · 2026

Silence as Strategy: How Zerodha and Razorpay Won Without Noise

Business Standard Smart

Authored essays

CSR Times · Feb 2026

Why Budget 2026 Must Be a Doctrine of Defence, Not Just a Statement of Accounts

India Today · Dec 2025

VRS or Early Retirement? Why Your PF Needs a New Story for a New Life

Indian Express · Nov 2025

CAT 2025: How to Master the 40-Minute Race Per Section

BW Education · Jul 2025

Neuroscience of Learning in an AI Era

DataQuest · Feb 2025

How Entrepreneurs Are Building a More Secure Digital Future

Quoted in the press

NDTV · Sep 2025

India's employability gap & Yogya Bharat Mission

Business Standard · Jul 2025

Depositing big cash sums: tax rules & I-T notices

GoodReturns · Jul 2025

Why earning just over ₹50L can be a net loss

India Today · Jul 2025

Who is poor? Income inequality & the PPP debate

Business Standard · Jun 2025

RBI MPC meeting highlights

CNBC TV18 · Jan 2025

Budget 2025 expectations & the steel industry

Times Now · Jan 2025

Economic Survey 2025 live commentary

Financial Express · Jan 2025

Budget 2025: transforming India's education landscape

Business Standard · Jan 2025

Budget 2025 expectations: geospatial & satellite tech

04 / Conferences & talks

Where I present the work.

Conferences are where unfinished ideas meet hard questions. This record includes the papers, doctoral work and collaborations I have taken into those conversations.

  1. AOM 2026Philadelphia, PA, USA · 4 Aug, 1:15–2:45 PM · Marriott Downtown, Franklin 8

    Entrepreneurship Under Constraint: How Bricolage Transitions into Effectuation in Family Businesses

    86th Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management

    BAM 2025Kent Business School, UK4 papers · dissertation cluster

    Drawn from the doctoral dissertation, "Entrepreneurial Resourcefulness in Resource-Constrained Environments."

    • ·Thriving with Less: Family Entrepreneurship in Institutional Voids
    • ·Towards a Unified Theory of Entrepreneurship: A Neurodiverse Promise of the Spiky Profile
    • ·Conceptualising Family Business Resourcefulness in Resource-Constrained Environments
    • ·Resourcefulness of Family Business in Penurious Environments
  2. AOM 2025Copenhagen, Denmark · Jul 25–29

    Conceptualising Family Business Resourcefulness: A Socio-material Perspective on Family Firm Advantages in Resource-Constrained Environments

    85th Annual Meeting of the Academy of Management

  3. XLRI · 2024

    Cultivating Trust: Human Capital and Organizational Citizenship Behaviour in Family Enterprises

    International Industrial Relations Conference · with Leeds University Business School & Friedrich Ebert Stiftung

  4. XLRI · 2024

    Navigating the Maze: Corporate Bribery and Ethical Choices in Indian Family Firms

    International Conference on Enabling Social and Business Responsibility

  5. XLRI · 2024

    Conceptualizing Family Business Resourcefulness (FBR) in a Resource-Constrained Environment

    Doctoral Colloquium on AI & Sustainability

  6. MERC 2023 · IIM Kashipur🏅 Best Paper in Track

    A Study of How Family Involvement Impacts Sustainable Innovation in Family Firms

    Entrepreneurship Track 1

  7. SBM 2023 · IIT Roorkee + ASU

    An In-depth Analysis of the Impact of Family Involvement on Sustainable Innovation in Family Firms

  8. POMS India 2023 · XLRI

    Exploring the Innovation Heritage: Family Involvement in Propelling R&D within Family Enterprises

  9. IIT Kharagpur · 9th MDC

    Bibliometrics Analysis of Family Firms Internationalization

05 / Teaching

Teaching strategy through decisions, trade-offs and practice.

Across PGPM and PGDM classrooms, I use cases, simulations, fieldwork and build exercises to move from a framework to a defensible decision. AI appears where it genuinely improves the work; fluent output still needs verification and human judgment.

Programme

1-Year MBA

Strategy sessions, cases and reading lists designed for an experienced PGPM cohort.

Open page

Programme

2-Year MBA

Strategy and entrepreneurship modules, session material and practice across the PGDM terms.

Open page

Experiential Leadership

Karma Yoga

Students work with community partners, test useful interventions and reflect on what responsible leadership asks of them.

Open page

Strategy Capstone

Business Simulation

Twenty connected sessions in which choices in strategy, finance, markets, operations, people and ESG affect one another.

Open page

Teaching Resource

Case Study Preparation

Practice for structuring consulting cases, doing the analysis and explaining the recommendation clearly.

Open page

PGDM event · Proposed PhD lens

AI Mini Hackathon

The July 2026 PGDM build programme, followed by a clearly labelled proposed research extension for doctoral readers.

Open page

Career

Placements

Choose roles carefully, make the CV evidential and rehearse stories until they sound like your own.

Open page

Field notes / LinkedIn

Questions I am working through in public.

View all LinkedIn posts

Responsible AI

Why do LLMs hallucinate?

A practical note on probabilistic generation, verification, and why fluent AI outputs still need human judgment.

Read on LinkedIn

MBA classroom

Strategy is choices, trade-offs and clear judgment

Reflections on teaching an experienced one-year MBA cohort through debate, professional experience and learning by doing.

Read on LinkedIn

Research & practice

Resourcefulness when disruption changes the rules

Field notes from Sapience on how founders build resilient, locally adaptive ventures under constraint.

Read on LinkedIn

Teaching approach

How the classroom works

Students work with incomplete information, make choices across functions and explain the trade-offs. Cases develop analysis; simulations show how one decision changes the next; fieldwork tests whether an idea remains useful outside the classroom.

06 / PhD supervision

A practical guide to working together.

I supervise doctoral and pre-doctoral work in strategy, entrepreneurship and organisation theory. I take on only a few researchers in each cycle because close reading, candid feedback and regular conversation take time.

Your first note

Start with one page rather than a full proposal. Name the research puzzle, state the question clearly, explain why it matters now and tell me why my work is relevant to it.

Send a 1-page proposal

What I look for

  • · A research puzzle, not only a topic
  • · Methodological seriousness
  • · Reference integrity (no fabrications)
  • · Patience for revision

Our working rhythm

  • · Weekly written check-ins
  • · Theory-first, then design
  • · Co-author when warranted
  • · Honest, constructive critique

Open topics

  • · Family business resourcefulness
  • · AI in management education
  • · Frugal innovation in services
  • · Neurodiversity & capabilities

Before you send it

  • · Read two of my papers
  • · Draft a 1-page concept note
  • · State your research question crisply
  • · Tell me why now, and why me

07 / Executive education

What executive learning looks like in the room.

These programmes begin with the participants and the decisions in front of them, not a fixed slide deck. The examples below show how that approach has worked in public-sector and community settings.

Programmes conducted

NADT, Delhi75 IRS officers

Creativity in Problem Solving & Task Prioritization through Visual Thinking

A one-day programme for the Indian Revenue Service at the National Academy of Direct Taxes, Delhi Campus, co-facilitated with Prof. S. K. Palhan.

In the room: The session used visual thinking to work through creativity in problem solving and task prioritisation.

Follow-through: Participants developed visual problem maps and 30-60-90-day execution plans.

Karma YogaArya Samaj School, GK-2 New Delhi

Experiential Learning for Underprivileged Students & Volunteer Teachers

A Karma Yoga programme with students and volunteer teachers at Arya Samaj School, GK-2, New Delhi.

In the room: The work combined story-based values learning, creative puzzles, STEM demonstrations and team games.

Follow-through: Volunteer teachers received replicable classroom activity templates.

Modular MDP curriculum

Module 01

Strategic Formulation & Leadership

  • Top-down & bottom-up formulation
  • Stakeholder influence on strategy
  • Strategic leadership
  • Vision & mission as design choices

Module 02

Implementation & Org Design

  • Capabilities for execution
  • Role of middle managers
  • Structure & resource allocation
  • The 7S framework

Module 03

Leading Teams & Change

  • Communicating strategy
  • Inspirational leadership
  • Negotiation & influence tactics
  • Pervasive commitment

Module 04

Performance & Control

  • Balanced scorecard
  • Management control systems
  • Performance dashboards
  • Finance vs. operational control

Module 05

Advanced Strategic Contexts

  • Contextual intelligence
  • Technology adoption
  • Internationalisation & liability of newness

Custom

Build the programme from the decision outward

I co-design programmes with companies, government academies and family-business owners. We begin with the decisions participants need to make, then choose the cases, exercises and follow-through that will help.

Discuss a programme

08 / Gallery

People, rooms and shared work.

A small record of classrooms, field visits, conferences and celebrations with students and colleagues.

Swapnil Sahoo with four fellow Academy of Management attendees at AOM 2026 in the Philadelphia Convention Center

AOM 2026 · Philadelphia Convention Center

With fellow scholars at the Academy of Management gathering in Philadelphia—a warm moment of connection between conversations. Personal event photograph supplied by Swapnil Sahoo.

AOM 2026 participants gathered around a conference table after the Global Scholar Development session

Meeting the Global Scholar Development panel · AOM 2026

With panelists Dean Shepherd, Madeline Toubiana and Raj Shankar; coordinator Trenton Williams; and organizer Golshan Javadian for “Entrepreneurship Research in Non-WEIRD Contexts.”

Swapnil Sahoo with Dr. Raju Balakrishnan and Great Lakes colleagues during the AACSB peer review visit

AACSB peer review visit · Societal impact in dialogue

With Dr. Raju Balakrishnan and Great Lakes colleagues—connecting Karma Yoga and the Sustainability CoE with SDG 4 and SDG 11.

Dr Swapnil Sahoo speaking during the AI Mini Hackathon final

Explaining the build · AI Mini Hackathon

Dr Swapnil Sahoo speaks during the 5 July final. Camera-original event photograph; photographer not identified.

Dr Swapnil Sahoo presenting to the AI Mini Hackathon jury and participants

Inside the final room · AI Mini Hackathon

A live teaching moment during the 5 July final. Camera-original event photograph; photographer not identified.

Students and faculty gathered around a trophy during the AI Mini Hackathon awards ceremony

AI Mini Hackathon 2026 · Awards and applause

Students and faculty celebrate a winning prototype team at Great Lakes Gurgaon. Event media shared by the Great Lakes Gurgaon programme team; photographer not identified.

Student hackathon team celebrating with its trophy outside Great Lakes Gurgaon

From prototype to podium · AI Mini Hackathon 2026

A student team marks its achievement together on campus. Event media shared by the Great Lakes Gurgaon programme team; photographer not identified.

09 / Get in touch

Start with a specific question.

For PhD work, begin with the research puzzle and a one-page concept note. For an executive programme, describe the participants and the decisions they need to work through. You can also write with a speaking invitation or a relevant idea. I read my own email.

Email

swapnil.sahoo@greatlakes.edu.in

Book a 1:1 mentoring slot

A focused conversation about a career decision, research idea or strategic question.

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My notes on AI safety, security and academic life, published on Substack.

Official faculty page

Great Lakes Institute of Management, Gurgaon.