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Dr. Swapnil Sahoo

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Home/Spirituality/Shiva Tandava Stotram
Source-aware · pāda & compound edition

शिवताण्डवस्तोत्रम्

Authentic Shiva Tandava Stotram

Śivatāṇḍavastotram

Feel the hymn's drum-like movement while studying every received stanza through Devanagari, consistent IAST of the selected reading, a pāda-by-pāda compound guide, close meaning, manuscript-aware variants, metre, and a careful account of the Rāvaṇa attribution.

Open the readerAttribution & biography

शिव

On-site scope

17 annotated units

Sanskrit · Devanagari + IAST

15 body stanzas · phalaśruti · received supplement

01 / Authenticity ledger

What “authentic” means here.

Source disclosed. Language named. Attribution qualified. Editorial choices made visible. It does not mean that one modern web page has erased every living recension or interpretive tradition.

Declared sequence

01

17-unit received edition

The sequence follows Rohana Seneviratne's 2025 presentation of the popular recension. Manuscripts differ in stanza count, order, openings, and wording.

Attribution

02

Traditionally Rāvaṇa

Devotional tradition credits the hymn to the Rāmāyaṇa's king of Laṅkā. The historical poet and date have not been securely established.

Poetic form

03

Predominantly Pañcacāmara

The body uses an energetic sixteen-syllable line with strong short-long alternation. The common pūjāvasāna phalaśruti is in Vasantatilakā.

Reader standard

04

Pāda guide + IAST

The selected surface reading remains intact, consistent IAST tracks it, and each long metrical unit is opened through an editorial compound guide.

02 / Pāda & compound reader

The text, opened carefully.

Complete declared study sequence

The reader includes 17 units following a documented popular sequence: 15 body stanzas, one concluding phalaśruti, and one transmitted supplementary stanza. It is a transparent received edition, not a reconstructed critical edition.

Reader controls

Move between script, sound, and sense.

Search every layer, narrow by section, or switch to the uncluttered line view. The detailed study guide is the default.

Showing 12 of 17 entries

Reading layer
Stanza 1Dance, river, and living iconography

जटाटवीगलज्जलप्रवाहपावितस्थले गलेऽवलम्ब्य लम्बितां भुजङ्गतुङ्गमालिकाम् । डमड्डमड्डमड्डमन्निनादवड्डमर्वयं चकार चण्डताण्डवं तनोतु नः शिवः शिवम् ॥

jaṭāṭavīgalajjalapravāhapāvitasthale gale 'valambya lambitāṃ bhujaṅgatuṅgamālikām | ḍamaḍḍamaḍḍamaḍḍamanninādavaḍḍamarvayaṃ cakāra caṇḍatāṇḍavaṃ tanotu naḥ śivaḥ śivam ||

Close meaning

With Gaṅgā streaming through his matted locks, a serpent garland swinging at his neck, and the ḍamaru sounding, Śiva performs the fierce Tāṇḍava. May that Śiva bring us auspiciousness.

This famous opening heads the received popular sequence used here. The manuscript evidence surveyed in the cited 2025 study preserves different openings and arrangements.

Pāda & compound guide

जटाटवीगलज्जलप्रवाहपावितस्थलेjaṭāṭavī-galaj-jala-pravāha-pāvita-sthale

in the place made pure by the stream of water falling through his forest of locks

गलेऽवलम्ब्य लम्बितां भुजङ्गतुङ्गमालिकाम्gale 'valambya lambitāṃ bhujaṅga-tuṅga-mālikām

having hung upon his neck a lofty, swaying garland of serpents

डमड्डमड्डमड्डमन्निनादवड्डमर्वयंḍamaḍ-ḍamaḍ-ḍamaḍ-ḍaman-nināda-vaḍ-ḍamarvayaṃ

to the rolling ḍamaḍ sound of this ḍamaru drum

चकार चण्डताण्डवं तनोतु नः शिवः शिवम्cakāra caṇḍa-tāṇḍavaṃ tanotu naḥ śivaḥ śivam

Śiva performed the fierce dance; may he extend auspiciousness to us

Stanza 2Dance, river, and living iconography

जटाकटाहसम्भ्रमभ्रमन्निलिम्पनिर्झरी विलोलवीचिवल्लरीविराजमानमूर्धनि । धगद्धगद्धगज्ज्वलल्ललाटपट्टपावके किशोरचन्द्रशेखरे रतिः प्रतिक्षणं मम ॥

jaṭākaṭāhasambhramabhramannilimpanirjharī vilolavīcivallarīvirājamānamūrdhani | dhagaddhagaddhagajjvalallalāṭapaṭṭapāvake kiśoracandraśekhare ratiḥ pratikṣaṇaṃ mama ||

Close meaning

May my delight dwell every moment in the moon-crested Śiva, whose locks carry Gaṅgā's dancing waves and whose forehead fire flashes with the syllabic force of dhagad-dhagad.

Pāda & compound guide

जटाकटाहसम्भ्रमभ्रमन्निलिम्पनिर्झरीjaṭā-kaṭāha-sambhrama-bhraman-nilimpa-nirjharī

the celestial river whirling vigorously in the cauldron of his matted locks

विलोलवीचिवल्लरीविराजमानमूर्धनिvilola-vīci-vallarī-virājamāna-mūrdhani

whose head shines with its playfully moving tendrils of waves

धगद्धगद्धगज्ज्वलल्ललाटपट्टपावकेdhagad-dhagad-dhagaj-jvalal-lalāṭa-paṭṭa-pāvake

whose forehead fire blazes with the sound dhagad-dhagad

किशोरचन्द्रशेखरे रतिः प्रतिक्षणं ममkiśora-candra-śekhare ratiḥ pratikṣaṇaṃ mama

may my delight rest every moment in the bearer of the young moon

Stanza 3Dance, river, and living iconography

धराधरेन्द्रनन्दिनीविलासबन्धुबन्धुर स्फुरद्दृगन्तसन्ततिप्रमोदमानमानसे । कृपाकटाक्षधोरणीनिरुद्धदुर्धरापदि क्वचिद्दिगम्बरे मनो विनोदमेतु वस्तुनि ॥

dharādharendranandinīvilāsabandhubandhura sphuraddṛgantasantatipramodamānamānase | kṛpākaṭākṣadhoraṇīniruddhadurdharāpadi kvacid digambare mano vinodam etu vastuni ||

Close meaning

May the mind delight in sky-clad Śiva: joyful in Pārvatī's radiant glances and able, through a current of compassion, to hold even formidable adversity in check.

This reader selects kvacid digambare. A widely transmitted variant reads kvacic cidambare, shifting the image from 'sky-clad' toward the sacred space of consciousness.

Pāda & compound guide

धराधरेन्द्रनन्दिनीविलासबन्धुबन्धुरdharādharendra-nandinī-vilāsa-bandhu-bandhura

beautifully joined to the graceful play of the mountain king's daughter

स्फुरद्दृगन्तसन्ततिप्रमोदमानमानसेsphurad-dṛg-anta-santati-pramodamāna-mānase

whose mind rejoices in the succession of her radiant sidelong glances

कृपाकटाक्षधोरणीनिरुद्धदुर्धरापदिkṛpā-kaṭākṣa-dhoraṇī-niruddha-durdharāpadi

whose stream of compassionate glances restrains overwhelming adversity

क्वचिद्दिगम्बरे मनो विनोदमेतु वस्तुनिkvacid digambare mano vinodam etu vastuni

may the mind find delight in that sky-clad reality

Stanza 4Dance, river, and living iconography

जटाभुजङ्गपिङ्गलस्फुरत्फणामणिप्रभा कदम्बकुङ्कुमद्रवप्रलिप्तदिग्वधूमुखे । मदान्धसिन्धुरासुरत्वगुत्तरीयमेदुरे मनो विनोदमद्भुतं बिभर्तु भूतभर्तरि ॥

jaṭābhujaṅgapiṅgalasphuratphaṇāmaṇiprabhā kadambakuṅkumadravapraliptadigvadhūmukhe | madāndhasindhurāsuratvaguttarīyamedure mano vinodam adbhutaṃ bibhartu bhūtabhartari ||

Close meaning

May the mind find wondrous delight in the Lord of beings, glowing with the jewels of serpents in his locks and magnificent in the elephant-demon's hide.

Pāda & compound guide

जटाभुजङ्गपिङ्गलस्फुरत्फणामणिप्रभाjaṭā-bhujaṅga-piṅgala-sphurat-phaṇā-maṇi-prabhā

the tawny radiance of jewels flashing on serpent hoods among his locks

कदम्बकुङ्कुमद्रवप्रलिप्तदिग्वधूमुखेkadamba-kuṅkuma-drava-pralipta-dig-vadhū-mukhe

anointing the faces of the maidens of the directions like liquid saffron

मदान्धसिन्धुरासुरत्वगुत्तरीयमेदुरेmadāndha-sindhurāsura-tvag-uttarīya-medure

splendid in the elephant-demon's hide worn as an upper garment

मनो विनोदमद्भुतं बिभर्तु भूतभर्तरिmano vinodam adbhutaṃ bibhartu bhūta-bhartari

may the mind bear wondrous delight in the Lord of beings

Stanza 5Fire, moon, and divine form

ललाटचत्वरज्वलद्धनञ्जयस्फुलिङ्गया निपीतपञ्चसायकं नमन्निलिम्पनायकम् । सुधामयूखरेखया विराजमानशेखरम् महः कपालि सम्पदे सरिज्जटालमस्तु नः ॥

lalāṭacatvarajvaladdhanañjayasphuliṅgayā nipītapañcasāyakaṃ namannilimpanāyakam | sudhāmayūkharekhayā virājamānaśekharam mahaḥ kapāli sampade sarijjaṭālam astu naḥ ||

Close meaning

O Kapālin, may the splendour of your Gaṅgā-wreathed locks, moonlit crest, and forehead fire—which consumed the five-arrowed Kāma—be our enduring wealth.

Some popular editions place the sahasralocana stanza before this one. The ordering here follows the declared 17-unit study sequence.

Pāda & compound guide

ललाटचत्वरज्वलद्धनञ्जयस्फुलिङ्गयाlalāṭa-catvara-jvalad-dhanañjaya-sphuliṅgayā

by sparks from the fire blazing upon the open space of his forehead

निपीतपञ्चसायकं नमन्निलिम्पनायकम्nipīta-pañca-sāyakaṃ naman-nilimpa-nāyakam

who consumed the five-arrowed Kāma and before whom the celestial lord bows

सुधामयूखरेखया विराजमानशेखरम्sudhā-mayūkha-rekhayā virājamāna-śekharam

whose crest shines with a slender ray of the nectar-bearing moon

महः कपालि सम्पदे सरिज्जटालमस्तु नःmahaḥ kapāli sampade sarij-jaṭālam astu naḥ

O skull-bearer, may the splendour of your river-wreathed locks be our wealth

Stanza 6Fire, moon, and divine form

सहस्रलोचनप्रभृत्यशेषलेखशेखर प्रसूनधूलिधोरणीविधूसराङ्घ्रिपीठभूः । भुजङ्गराजमालया निबद्धजाटजूटकः श्रिये चिराय जायतां चकोरबन्धुशेखरः ॥

sahasralocanaprabhṛtyaśeṣalekhaśekhara prasūnadhūlidhoraṇīvidhūsarāṅghripīṭhabhūḥ | bhujaṅgarājamālayā nibaddhajāṭajūṭakaḥ śriye cirāya jāyatāṃ cakorabandhuśekharaḥ ||

Close meaning

May the moon-crested Lord grant lasting well-being: the gods' floral pollen settles at his feet, while a garland of serpent kings binds his matted locks.

Pāda & compound guide

सहस्रलोचनप्रभृत्यशेषलेखशेखरsahasra-locana-prabhṛty-aśeṣa-lekha-śekhara

Indra and all the other celestial beings, their crowns adorned

प्रसूनधूलिधोरणीविधूसराङ्घ्रिपीठभूःprasūna-dhūli-dhoraṇī-vidhūsarāṅghri-pīṭha-bhūḥ

whose footstool is grey with streams of pollen from their flowers

भुजङ्गराजमालया निबद्धजाटजूटकःbhujaṅga-rāja-mālayā nibaddha-jāṭa-jūṭakaḥ

whose massed locks are bound by a garland of serpent kings

श्रिये चिराय जायतां चकोरबन्धुशेखरःśriye cirāya jāyatāṃ cakora-bandhu-śekharaḥ

may the moon-crested Lord manifest for lasting prosperity

Stanza 7Fire, moon, and divine form

करालभालपट्टिकाधगद्धगद्धगज्ज्वलद् धनञ्जयाहुतीकृतप्रचण्डपञ्चसायके । धराधरेन्द्रनन्दिनीकुचाग्रचित्रपत्रक प्रकल्पनैकशिल्पिनि त्रिलोचने रतिर्मम ॥

karālabhālapaṭṭikādhagaddhagaddhagajjvalad dhanañjayāhutīkṛtapracaṇḍapañcasāyake | dharādharendranandinīkucāgracitrapatraka prakalpanaikaśilpini trilocane ratir mama ||

Close meaning

May my devotion rest in the three-eyed divine artist: Śiva, whose fearsome forehead fire consumed Kāma and whose intimacy with Pārvatī is rendered through ornate poetic imagery.

Pāda & compound guide

करालभालपट्टिकाधगद्धगद्धगज्ज्वलद्karāla-bhāla-paṭṭikā-dhagad-dhagad-dhagaj-jvalad

blazing dhagad-dhagad upon the fearsome surface of his forehead

धनञ्जयाहुतीकृतप्रचण्डपञ्चसायकेdhanañjayāhutī-kṛta-pracaṇḍa-pañca-sāyake

whose fire made the fierce five-arrowed Kāma its offering

धराधरेन्द्रनन्दिनीकुचाग्रचित्रपत्रकdharādharendra-nandinī-kucāgra-citra-patraka

the decorative leaf-pattern upon the breast of the mountain king's daughter

प्रकल्पनैकशिल्पिनि त्रिलोचने रतिर्ममprakalpanaika-śilpini trilocane ratir mama

may my devotion rest in the three-eyed, incomparable artist

Stanza 8Fire, moon, and divine form

नवीनमेघमण्डलीनिरुद्धदुर्धरस्फुरत् कुहूनिशीथिनीतमःप्रबन्धबद्धकन्धरः । निलिम्पनिर्झरीधरस्तनोतु कृत्तिसुन्दरः कलानिधानबन्धुरः श्रियं जगद्धुरन्धरः ॥

navīnameghamaṇḍalīniruddhadurdharasphurat kuhūniśīthinītamaḥprabandhabaddhakandharaḥ | nilimpanirjharīdharas tanotu kṛttisundaraḥ kalānidhānabandhuraḥ śriyaṃ jagaddhurandharaḥ ||

Close meaning

May Śiva—the world-bearer whose dark throat resembles a moonless night beneath rain clouds, who carries Gaṅgā and wears the crescent moon—grant well-being.

Pāda & compound guide

नवीनमेघमण्डलीनिरुद्धदुर्धरस्फुरत्navīna-megha-maṇḍalī-niruddha-durdhara-sphurat

enveloped in the irresistibly spreading mass of fresh rain clouds

कुहूनिशीथिनीतमःप्रबन्धबद्धकन्धरःkuhū-niśīthinī-tamaḥ-prabandha-baddha-kandharaḥ

whose neck is bound in the deep darkness of a new-moon night

निलिम्पनिर्झरीधरस्तनोतु कृत्तिसुन्दरःnilimpa-nirjharī-dharas tanotu kṛtti-sundaraḥ

may the bearer of the celestial river, beautiful in his hide garment, bestow

कलानिधानबन्धुरः श्रियं जगद्धुरन्धरःkalā-nidhāna-bandhuraḥ śriyaṃ jagad-dhurandharaḥ

the moon-adorned bearer of the world's burden, prosperity

Stanza 9Power, names, and rhythm

प्रफुल्लनीलपङ्कजप्रपञ्चकालिमप्रभा वलम्बिकण्ठकन्दलीरुचिप्रबद्धकन्धरम् । स्मरच्छिदं पुरच्छिदं भवच्छिदं मखच्छिदम् गजच्छिदान्धकच्छिदं तमन्तकच्छिदं भजे ॥

praphullanīlapaṅkajaprapañcakālimaprabhā valambikaṇṭhakandalīruciprabaddhakandharam | smaracchidaṃ puracchidaṃ bhavacchidaṃ makhacchidam gajacchidāndhakacchidaṃ tam antakacchidaṃ bhaje ||

Close meaning

I worship the dark-throated Śiva, destroyer of Kāma, the three cities, binding existence, the sacrifice, the elephant demon, Andhaka, and even death itself.

Pāda & compound guide

प्रफुल्लनीलपङ्कजप्रपञ्चकालिमप्रभाpraphulla-nīla-paṅkaja-prapañca-kālima-prabhā

with the dark radiance of a vast field of fully opened blue lotuses

वलम्बिकण्ठकन्दलीरुचिप्रबद्धकन्धरम्valambi-kaṇṭha-kandalī-ruci-prabaddha-kandharam

whose neck is marked by the beauty of the darkened throat

स्मरच्छिदं पुरच्छिदं भवच्छिदं मखच्छिदम्smara-cchidaṃ pura-cchidaṃ bhava-cchidaṃ makha-cchidam

destroyer of Kāma, the cities, worldly becoming, and the sacrifice

गजच्छिदान्धकच्छिदं तमन्तकच्छिदं भजेgaja-cchidāndhaka-cchidaṃ tam antaka-cchidaṃ bhaje

I worship the destroyer of the elephant demon, Andhaka, and death itself

Stanza 10Power, names, and rhythm

अखर्वसर्वमङ्गलाकलाकदम्बमञ्जरी रसप्रवाहमाधुरीविजृम्भणामधुव्रतम् । स्मरान्तकं पुरान्तकं भवान्तकं मखान्तकम् गजान्तकान्धकान्तकं तमन्तकान्तकं भजे ॥

akharvasarvamaṅgalākalākadambamañjarī rasapravāhamādhurīvijṛmbhaṇāmadhuvratam | smarāntakaṃ purāntakaṃ bhavāntakaṃ makhāntakam gajāntakāndhakāntakaṃ tam antakāntakaṃ bhaje ||

Close meaning

I worship Śiva as the bee drawn to the nectar of every auspicious art, and as the one who ends Kāma, the cities, bondage, sacrifice, the elephant demon, Andhaka, and death.

This edition reads akharva, 'abundant' or 'not small'; agarva, 'without pride', appears in other received readings.

Pāda & compound guide

अखर्वसर्वमङ्गलाकलाकदम्बमञ्जरीakharva-sarva-maṅgalā-kalā-kadamba-mañjarī

the abundant cluster of every auspicious art, like kadamba blossoms

रसप्रवाहमाधुरीविजृम्भणामधुव्रतम्rasa-pravāha-mādhurī-vijṛmbhaṇā-madhu-vratam

a bee drinking the expanding sweetness of their flowing nectar

स्मरान्तकं पुरान्तकं भवान्तकं मखान्तकम्smarāntakaṃ purāntakaṃ bhavāntakaṃ makhāntakam

ender of Kāma, the cities, conditioned existence, and the sacrifice

गजान्तकान्धकान्तकं तमन्तकान्तकं भजेgajāntakāndhakāntakaṃ tam antakāntakaṃ bhaje

I worship the ender of the elephant demon, Andhaka, and the ender of death

Stanza 11Power, names, and rhythm

जयत्यदभ्रविभ्रमभ्रमद्भुजङ्गमश्वसद् विनिर्गमक्रमस्फुरत्करालभालहव्यवाट् । धिमिं धिमिं धिमिं ध्वनन्मृदङ्गतुङ्गमङ्गल ध्वनिक्रमप्रवर्तितप्रचण्डताण्डवः शिवः ॥

jayaty adabhravibhramabhramadbhujaṅgamaśvasad vinirgamakramasphuratkarālabhālahavyavāṭ | dhimiṃ dhimiṃ dhimiṃ dhvananmṛdaṅgatuṅgamaṅgala dhvanikramapravartitapracaṇḍatāṇḍavaḥ śivaḥ ||

Close meaning

Victorious is Śiva: serpent breath fans his forehead fire, and the ascending dhimiṃ-dhimiṃ of the mṛdaṅga sets his fierce Tāṇḍava in motion.

The opening jayaty adabhra is a declared reading; jayatv adabhra is also widely printed. The onomatopoeia and Pañcacāmara rhythm are part of the stanza's meaning.

Pāda & compound guide

जयत्यदभ्रविभ्रमभ्रमद्भुजङ्गमश्वसद्jayaty adabhra-vibhrama-bhramad-bhujaṅgama-śvasad

victorious amid the immense motion and breath of whirling serpents

विनिर्गमक्रमस्फुरत्करालभालहव्यवाट्vinirgama-krama-sphurat-karāla-bhāla-havyavāṭ

whose fearsome forehead fire flares in time with their exhalation

धिमिं धिमिं धिमिं ध्वनन्मृदङ्गतुङ्गमङ्गलdhimiṃ dhimiṃ dhimiṃ dhvanan-mṛdaṅga-tuṅga-maṅgala

to the lofty auspicious mṛdaṅga resounding dhimiṃ-dhimiṃ

ध्वनिक्रमप्रवर्तितप्रचण्डताण्डवः शिवःdhvani-krama-pravartita-pracaṇḍa-tāṇḍavaḥ śivaḥ

Śiva's fierce Tāṇḍava is set in motion by the succession of sound

Stanza 12Equanimity, contemplation, and mantra

दृषद्विचित्रतल्पयोर्भुजङ्गमौक्तिकस्रजोर् गरिष्ठरत्नलोष्ठयोः सुहृद्विपक्षपक्षयोः । तृणारविन्दचक्षुषोः प्रजामहीमहेन्द्रयोः समप्रवृत्तिकः कदा सदाशिवं भजाम्यहम् ॥

dṛṣadvicitratalpayor bhujaṅgamauktikasrajor gariṣṭharatnaloṣṭhayoḥ suhṛdvipakṣapakṣayoḥ | tṛṇāravindacakṣuṣoḥ prajāmahīmahendrayoḥ samapravṛttikaḥ kadā sadāśivaṃ bhajāmy aham ||

Close meaning

When shall I worship Sadāśiva with equal vision toward comfort and hardship, ornament and danger, wealth and earth, friend and foe, beauty and the ordinary, subject and king?

This stanza has substantial syntactic variants. The selected reading understands sama-pravṛttikaḥ as an even or impartial disposition.

Pāda & compound guide

दृषद्विचित्रतल्पयोर्भुजङ्गमौक्तिकस्रजोर्dṛṣad-vicitra-talpayor bhujaṅga-mauktika-srajor

toward a stone and an ornate bed; a serpent and a string of pearls

गरिष्ठरत्नलोष्ठयोः सुहृद्विपक्षपक्षयोःgariṣṭha-ratna-loṣṭhayoḥ suhṛd-vipakṣa-pakṣayoḥ

toward the finest jewel and a clod; a friend and an opposing side

तृणारविन्दचक्षुषोः प्रजामहीमहेन्द्रयोःtṛṇāravinda-cakṣuṣoḥ prajā-mahī-mahendrayoḥ

toward grass and lotus-like eyes; an ordinary person and a mighty king

समप्रवृत्तिकः कदा सदाशिवं भजाम्यहम्sama-pravṛttikaḥ kadā sadāśivaṃ bhajāmy aham

when, holding an equal disposition, shall I worship Sadāśiva?

shiva tandava stotram · editorial study edition

03 / Attribution & biography

People, voices, and tradition.

A sacred text can have a poet, a speaker inside its story, a traditional compiler, and later commentators. These roles are named separately so reverence never requires blurred history.

Traditional attribution01

Poet in devotional tradition

Rāvaṇa · first called Daśagrīva

Rāvaṇa is the mythic king of Laṅkā in the Rāmāyaṇa: son of Viśravas and Kaikasī, brother of Kumbhakarṇa, Śūrpaṇakhā, and Vibhīṣaṇa, and half-brother of Kubera. The epic portrays immense ascetic power and royal ambition alongside grave wrongdoing. Uttarakāṇḍa tells how Śiva's pressure on Kailāsa provoked Daśagrīva's great cry and the name Rāvaṇa; the surviving passage does not quote this hymn. This is a traditional literary biography, not a historically verifiable life. Devotional tradition credits him with the stotram; its historical poet remains unidentified.

04 / Editorial method

Designed for honest study.

  1. 01

    The 17-unit sequence and IAST base are adapted from Rohana Seneviratne's 2025 CC BY 4.0 study; the Devanagari presentation, segmentation, close glosses, and notes are newly prepared for this site.

  2. 02

    The page names its received sequence: 15 body stanzas, the pūjāvasāna phalaśruti, and the idaṃ hi nityam supplement. Other recensions are not silently folded into it.

  3. 03

    Devanagari and consistent IAST represent the selected surface reading. Pāda boundaries, hyphenated compound guides, and concise English glosses are editorial study aids.

  4. 04

    High-impact variants—including digambare/cidambare, akharva/agarva, jayatyad/jayatvad, stanza order, and concluding material—are disclosed instead of declaring one universal wording.

  5. 05

    Benefits in the phalaśruti are reported as the transmitted stanza's devotional promise, not as a scientific, financial, or guaranteed outcome.

05 / Source shelf

Read beyond this edition.

Primary texts, manuscript records, and scholarly studies are linked directly. External texts remain with their custodians and under their stated terms.

  1. 01Rāvaṇa as a Poet: Divine Dynamism and Devotion in a Hymn of PenitenceAncient Lanka · Rohana SeneviratneA 2025 CC BY 4.0 study of authorship, metre, manuscripts, variants, and the popular 17-unit sequence used here.↗ (opens in a new tab)
  2. 02Śivatāṇḍava manuscript · Ms. Coll. 390 Item 2531University of Pennsylvania LibrariesA public-domain four-leaf Sanskrit manuscript dated 1818, with corrections and additions visible in the witness.↗ (opens in a new tab)
  3. 03Vālmīki Rāmāyaṇa · UttarakāṇḍaGRETIL · Tokunaga/Smith electronic textPrimary epic context for Rāvaṇa's genealogy and the Kailāsa episode; it does not quote the present hymn.↗ (opens in a new tab)
  4. 04ŚivatāṇḍavastotramSanskrit WikisourceAn open-license Devanagari comparison reading; its sequence and wording are not treated as the only recension.↗ (opens in a new tab)

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